THe immune response, as measured by the haemagglutination-inhibition test, to the simultaneous administration of live Hitchner B1 and 2 commercially available, inactivated, oil-based, emulsified, Newcastle disease vaccines at day-old is described. The response was monitored from day-old to 18 weeks, when the birds were challenged with a standardized virulent virus. It was found that the haemagg...

Frequent vaccination failures have occurred in the broiler farms in Eurasian countries during Newcastle disease outbreaks. The disease is enzootic in many countries of the region, especially in southwest Asia. I-2 vaccine has been used successfully in village chickens in many Asian and African countries. Our preliminary study showed good efficacy of the vaccine in broiler chickens. Therefore th...

The infectious bronchitis (IB) is divesting diseases of poultry. Hence, this study determined the maternally derived antibody (MDA) titer IBV and comparison two IB vaccine in layer. A total 1600 birds were equally allocated into groups (group-A group-B). group-A group-B vaccinated by different vaccines having strain “B1-Strain ND+Massachusetts B-41 Strains IBV” “Hitchner-B1 Strain H120 respecti...

The potency of inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines in the United States is currently determined using vaccination and challenge of experimental animals against a velogenic strain of NDV. Because velogenic strains of NDV are now classified as select agents in the United States, all vaccine potency testing must be performed in live animals under biosafety level 3 agriculture condit...

Our study demonstrates the repeated isolation of vaccine-derived Newcastle disease viruses from different species of wild birds across four continents from 1997 through 2014. The data indicate that at least 17 species from ten avian orders occupying different habitats excrete vaccine-derived Newcastle disease viruses. The most frequently reported isolates were detected among individuals in the ...

CONTEXT Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Highly infectious Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains are known to be very cytotoxic for an array of human tumor cell types in vitro and in vivo but the effects of these and avirulent NDV strains on pancreatic neoplasms are little known. OBJECTIVE Here, the direct cytolytic effects of the avirulent Hitchner-B1...

Newcastle Disease (ND) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease in poultry. Despite the intensive vaccination programs to control Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), the recent infection of NDV in Iran has led to severe morbidity and mortality in Chukar Partridges. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Inactivated Oil Adjuvant Vaccine (IOAV) following use of live vaccine to hav...

Background: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is one of the best characterized genetic regions controlling immune responses against vaccines. Identifying the association between MHC haplotypes and improved immune responses would be useful in genetic breeding strategies in animals. OBJECTIVES: MHC class II B genetic diversity and its association with humoral immune responses against Newcast...

The HI and SN titers produced by V2 (Laso ta Vaccine, chick-embryo origin) were more than VI (TCND) and V3 (Lasota tissue culture origin) vaccines. High percentage (96,%, 93,% & 90,%) of the three subgroup hens, when vaccinated with VI, V2 and V3 respectively, were found resistant to contact exposure challenge with 2 x 10 6 ELD 50 of virulent NDV Zabol strain. The egg production dropped slightl...